Fosfructose trisodium is a cytoprotective natural sugar phosphate for the potential treatment of sickle cell anemia cardiovascular ischemia and asthma. It acts by stimulating anaerobic glycolysis which generates adenosine triphosphate under ischemic conditions.

Myristic Acid, a 14 carbon saturated fatty acid, is a rare molecule in cells and is a substrate of some fatty acid desaturases.

Piscidin-1 (22-42) is a highly potent, multi-functional Antimicrobial Peptide (AMP) produced by Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides).